What is decreased bone density?
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where the bones become weaker and have lower density. This happens when old bone cells are removed faster than new bone tissue can be formed to replace them. There are a few key things to understand:
- Bone remodeling is a normal process where old bone tissue is removed and new bone tissue is formed. This keeps bones healthy.
- With decreased bone density, more bone breaks down than can be rebuilt. Over time, bones become porous and fragile.
- Low bone density increases the risk of fractures, especially in the hip, wrist, and spine. A minor fall or injury can easily cause a broken bone when density is lower.
What causes decreased bone density? There are a few common risk factors:
- Aging - As we get older, bone remodeling slows down, and loss outpaces formation.
- Hormone changes - Decreases in estrogen or testosterone can accelerate bone loss.
- Inadequate nutrition - Not getting enough calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients for bone health.
- Inactive lifestyle - Lack of weight-bearing exercise weakens bones over time.
The good news is decreased bone density can often be improved with medication, supplements, a modified diet, and weight-bearing exercise. Getting enough calcium and vitamin D daily provides building blocks for healthy bone remodeling too. It's also key to avoid tobacco, excess alcohol, and medications that impair bone health when possible.
I tried to highlight some key information related to decreased bone density here. Please let me know if you have any other specific questions!